Original Articles
Vol. 57 No. 4 (2008)
https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2008.275
Is it possible to define the nature of medicine? Teleological and phenomenological perspectives on medicine, its ends and its morality
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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
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The aim of this paper is to inquire into the different theories about the ontological foundation of medical practice, according to two specific perspectives that come from teleological and phenomenological approaches. Teleological approach starts from an Aristotelian-Thomist way to intend medicine as an end-oriented act: this view is rooted in the assumption that a good inherent to medicine exists and defines the proper ends of medicine itself. Medicine is considered as an inherently ethical activity, in which technique and conduct are both ordered in relation to an all-encompassing good: the naturally given end of health. Phenomenological approach (in its realistic current) points out how medicine manifests its essential being in the clinical encounter between a patient (that got sick and needs help) and a doctor (that has the skill and can help him). In the context of the vulnerability of that particular patient, the clinical encounter is the "moment" in which medicine and its healing end are put in being. Both perspectives reveal that what medicine is, depends on what its end is, that is to say, that the knowledge of the nature of medicine is not the starting point of medical ethics, but its result: we must know the end of medicine (i. e., the good inherent to), to know what medicine exactly is. Moreover, they demonstrate the existence of an internal morality of medicine which is fundamental to determine duties, virtues and obligation of the physician in accordance with the nature of medicine itself.
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How to Cite
Is it possible to define the nature of medicine? Teleological and phenomenological perspectives on medicine, its ends and its morality. (2008). Medicina E Morale, 57(4). https://doi.org/10.4081/mem.2008.275
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